Wednesday, April 10, 2013

Feinstein Institute collaborates with GSK, UPenn, MIT to research body's electrical impulses

Feinstein Institute collaborates with GSK, UPenn, MIT to research body's electrical impulses [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 10-Apr-2013
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Contact: Emily Eng
eng3@nshs.edu
516-562-2670
North Shore-Long Island Jewish (LIJ) Health System

MANHASSET, NY The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research today unveiled a collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) being spearheaded by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), which aims to discover medicines that use electrical impulses to regulate the body's organs and functions. This initiative is discussed in the April issue of Nature.

"This is a powerful collaboration between leaders in the field of medical device development," said Kevin J. Tracey, MD, president of the Feinstein Institute. "We are focused on developing implantable electrical devices as treatments for disease. It is likely that miniaturized, computerized technologies that target neurons will someday replace existing drugs this has the potential to be revolutionize how we think about helping patients."

Nearly all organs and functions in the body are regulated through circuits of neurons that communicate through electrical impulses. There already exist devices that use electrical impulses to treat disease (i.e., pacemakers, defibrillators, deep-brain stimulation), but these devices do not target specific cells in the body. Researchers now believe it is possible to create devices that control action potentials in individual neurons, a critical step in developing technologies to use neural circuits to control specific cells. It may be possible to intervene in a broad spectrum of diseases, like inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, because these conditions can be controlled by neurons.

The collaboration between the Feinstein Institute, GSK, MIT and University of Pennsylvania will dedicate resources with the aim to discover electrical impulse medical treatment (electroceuticals). Specifically, the Feinstein Institute will continue research on the neural codes that underlie diseases of immunity and inflammation to identify intervention points and conduct exploratory clinical work. Initial results have already shown that it is possible to manipulate neural signals specific to different inflammatory mediators in standard laboratory models.

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About The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research

Headquartered in Manhasset, NY, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research is home to international scientific leaders in many areas including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, psychiatric disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, sepsis, human genetics, pulmonary hypertension, leukemia, neuroimmunology, and medicinal chemistry. The Feinstein Institute, part of the North Shore-LIJ Health System, ranks in the top 5th percentile of all National Institutes of Health grants awarded to research centers. For more information visit http://www.FeinsteinInstitute.org


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Feinstein Institute collaborates with GSK, UPenn, MIT to research body's electrical impulses [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 10-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Emily Eng
eng3@nshs.edu
516-562-2670
North Shore-Long Island Jewish (LIJ) Health System

MANHASSET, NY The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research today unveiled a collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) being spearheaded by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), which aims to discover medicines that use electrical impulses to regulate the body's organs and functions. This initiative is discussed in the April issue of Nature.

"This is a powerful collaboration between leaders in the field of medical device development," said Kevin J. Tracey, MD, president of the Feinstein Institute. "We are focused on developing implantable electrical devices as treatments for disease. It is likely that miniaturized, computerized technologies that target neurons will someday replace existing drugs this has the potential to be revolutionize how we think about helping patients."

Nearly all organs and functions in the body are regulated through circuits of neurons that communicate through electrical impulses. There already exist devices that use electrical impulses to treat disease (i.e., pacemakers, defibrillators, deep-brain stimulation), but these devices do not target specific cells in the body. Researchers now believe it is possible to create devices that control action potentials in individual neurons, a critical step in developing technologies to use neural circuits to control specific cells. It may be possible to intervene in a broad spectrum of diseases, like inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, because these conditions can be controlled by neurons.

The collaboration between the Feinstein Institute, GSK, MIT and University of Pennsylvania will dedicate resources with the aim to discover electrical impulse medical treatment (electroceuticals). Specifically, the Feinstein Institute will continue research on the neural codes that underlie diseases of immunity and inflammation to identify intervention points and conduct exploratory clinical work. Initial results have already shown that it is possible to manipulate neural signals specific to different inflammatory mediators in standard laboratory models.

###

About The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research

Headquartered in Manhasset, NY, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research is home to international scientific leaders in many areas including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, psychiatric disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, sepsis, human genetics, pulmonary hypertension, leukemia, neuroimmunology, and medicinal chemistry. The Feinstein Institute, part of the North Shore-LIJ Health System, ranks in the top 5th percentile of all National Institutes of Health grants awarded to research centers. For more information visit http://www.FeinsteinInstitute.org


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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/nsij-fic041013.php

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Tuesday, April 9, 2013

US Navy clears sailors in deadly Dubai shooting

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) ? U.S. Navy sailors aboard a supply vessel acted within rules of engagement last year when they fired on a small boat approaching at high speed off Dubai, killing one Indian fisherman and wounding three others, according to a Navy investigation made public Monday.

The July 2012 incident has been described by Navy officials as "regrettable," but it also highlighted the heightened security to protect vessels following boat-borne blasts such as the 2000 suicide attack on the USS Cole in Yemen that killed 17 U.S. sailors and the 2004 explosion of a dhow in Persian Gulf that killed three crew members of the USS Firebolt.

The U.S. Navy 5th Fleet, based in Bahrain, has taken steps to expand security escorts for port-bound U.S. ships and worked with Gulf officials to distribute fliers in several languages ? including Hindi, Urdu and others common among the region's large South Asian labor force ? advising to stay clear of Navy vessels.

There were initially conflicting accounts about whether the USNS Rappahannock, a refueling ship, used warning measures before opening fire on the 15-meter (50-foot) fishing boat, which the Navy said was approaching at speeds above 28 knots (32 mph).

But the Navy investigation said warning shots of .50-caliber tracers were fired as the skiff headed toward the bow of the Rappahannock, about 16 kilometers (10 miles) off Dubai's Jebel Ali port. It also said crew members used a laser device to try to warn the fishing boat.

A gunner aboard the Rappahannock opened fire with the .50-caliber weapon moments before the order to begin "destructive fire," but was deemed within the bounds of "self-defense in response to a hostile act or demonstrated hostile intent," the investigation said.

"If I did not fire, I didn't know what kind of damage would have occurred on the ship," the sailor was quoted in the investigation, but he name was blacked out in the copy made public.

The report estimated the fishing boat came within 23 meters (75 feet) of the Rappahannock.

"Due to the high speed and short distances, the entire event occurred in less than two minutes, limiting the ability of the ship to employ other warning methods," said a Navy statement.

But it determined that the boat's fast approach led security teams aboard the Rappahannock "to make a reasonable assessment that the boat represented an imminent threat and was demonstrating hostile intent" and the "use of force was appropriate."

The U.S. has compensated the family of the Indian fisherman killed and given assistance to his three countrymen who were wounded.

But the incident brought diplomatic repercussions with both India and the United Arab Emirates.

Last year, Dubai's police chief, Lt. Gen. Dahi Khalfan Tamim, said their initial investigation suggested the fishing boat was "in its right course and did not pose any danger" and described the shooting as an apparent mistake.

The Navy investigation was done without assistance from the UAE.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/us-navy-clears-sailors-deadly-dubai-shooting-084845817.html

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Move Over, Apple and Google: Apperating Systems Are Taking Over Your Phones

Last week’s Facebook announcement was not much of a surprise. Everyone knew Zuck & Co. were out to invade Android, offering big, blue and white thumbs to stamp on every aspect of a user’s mobile experience. Sure, Chatheads are neat, ...

Source: http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2013/04/rise-of-apperating-systems/

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Reading In Data From A File - C And C++ | Dream.In.Code


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    3 Replies - 72 Views - Last Post: Yesterday, 06:57 PM Rate Topic: -----

    #1 Sapperm ?Icon User is offline

    Reputation: 2

    • Posts: 10
    • Joined: 31-October 12

    Posted Yesterday, 04:42 PM

    I am trying to read in data from a file and the data file contains lines
    (22,32,34)
    (56,22,34)
    and so on in that format.

    I can read in the lines if they were just
    22 32 24
    so on...
    Just fine, but the additional chars are throwing me off.

    A made a simple driver program to try and debug my problem and all I can get is for it to read the first line and no others. If I set the while loop to run for infinity it will pick up other lines besides the first. If I set it to just read in the 7 elements that it should it reads in nothing, and finally if I set it like it is now below it only picks up the first line.

    Any help or tips appreciated.

    
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {    FILE *fp; int a,b,c,total;  char x,y,z,j;    fp = fopen(argv[1],"r"); //   while( total =  fscanf(fp,"%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c) > 0 ){   while( total =  fscanf(fp,"%c%d%c%d%c%d%c",&x,&a,&y,&b,&z,&c,&j) >= 0 ){    printf("total = %d \n",total);    printf("First = %d Second = %d Third = %d\n",a,b,c);    printf("First = %c Second = %c Third = %c 4th = %c\n",x,y,z,j); } return 0;  }   


    Is This A Good Question/Topic? 0

    Replies To: Reading in data from a file

    #2 Skydiver ?Icon User is online

    Reputation: 1750

    • Posts: 5,198
    • Joined: 05-May 12

    Re: Reading in data from a file

    Posted Yesterday, 04:50 PM

    You also need to read the '\n' or '\r\n' that is at the end of each line after the ')'.

    I suggest using fgets() to get the entire line first, and then using sscanf() or strtok() to parse the line.


    #3 Sapperm ?Icon User is offline

    Reputation: 2

    • Posts: 10
    • Joined: 31-October 12

    Re: Reading in data from a file

    Posted Yesterday, 04:58 PM

    Thanks for that I'll get to work on that right away. Is there a reason for when the data is say three ints
    such as 78 67 62 you can read it in with scanf("&d&d&d",&a,&b,&c); and not worry about the \n?


    #4 Sapperm ?Icon User is offline

    Reputation: 2

    • Posts: 10
    • Joined: 31-October 12

    Re: Reading in data from a file

    Posted Yesterday, 06:57 PM

    Very messy and I'm sure a very long way around, but this is how I got it to work....
    also ignore any // slashed out code. That was left over from trying a lot of stuff.
    
 Press ENTER or type command to continue #include "tree23.c" #include <string.h>    int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {    FILE *fp;    int a,b,c,total;    char string[100];    char x,y,z,j,k;    char *point;    fp = fopen(argv[1],"r");   char delim1[] = "(";   char delim2[] = ")";   char delim3[] = ","; //   while( total =  fscanf(fp,"%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c) > 0 ){   // printf("here\n");    while(fgets(string,100,fp)!= NULL ){ //   sscanf(string,"%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);  //  a =(int) string[0]; //   b =(int) string[3];  //  c =(int) string[6];     point = strtok(string,delim2);    point = strtok(point,delim1);   // point = strtok(point,delim3);    sscanf(point,"%d%c%d%c%d",&a,&x,&b,&y,&c);   //  printf("total = %d \n",total);    printf("First = %d Second = %d Third = %d\n",a,b,c);   // printf("First = %c Second = %c Third = %c 4th = %c\n",x,y,z,j);    }    return 0;  } ~  


    Page 1 of 1


    Source: http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/318016-reading-in-data-from-a-file/

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    How carbon moves within planet plays big role in planetary atmosphere formation

    Apr. 8, 2013 ? A new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that the way carbon moves from within a planet to the surface plays a big role in the evolution of a planet's atmosphere. If Mars released much of its carbon as methane, for example, it might have been warm enough to support liquid water.

    A new study of how carbon is trapped and released by iron-rich volcanic magma offers clues about the early atmospheric evolution on Mars and other terrestrial bodies.

    The composition of a planet's atmosphere has roots deep beneath its surface. When mantle material melts to form magma, it traps subsurface carbon. As magma moves upward toward the surface and pressure decreases, that carbon is released as a gas. On Earth, carbon is trapped in magma as carbonate and degassed as carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that helps Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun. But how carbon is transferred from underground to the atmosphere in other planets -- and how that might influence greenhouse conditions -- wasn't well understood.

    "We know carbon goes from the solid mantle to the liquid magma, from liquid to gas and then out," said Alberto Saal, professor of geological sciences at Brown and one of the study's authors. "We want to understand how the different carbon species that are formed in the conditions that are relevant to the planet affect the transfer."

    This latest study, which also included researchers from Northwestern University and the Carnegie Institution of Washington, indicated that under conditions like those found in the mantles of Mars, the Moon and other bodies, carbon is trapped in the magmas mainly as a species called iron carbonyl and released as carbon monoxide and methane gas. Both gasses, methane especially, have high greenhouse potential.

    The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggest that when volcanism was widespread early in Mars' history, it may have released enough methane to keep the planet significantly warmer than it is today.

    A key difference between conditions in Earth's mantle and the mantles of other terrestrial bodies is what scientists refer to as oxygen fugacity, the amount of free oxygen available to react with other elements. Earth's mantle today has a relatively high oxygen fugacity, but in bodies like the Moon and early Mars, it is very low. To find out what how that lower oxygen fugacity affects carbon transfer, the researchers set up a series of experiments using volcanic basalt similar to those found on the Moon and Mars.

    They melted the volcanic rock at varying pressures, temperature, and oxygen fugacities, using a powerful spectrometer to measure how much carbon was absorbed by the melt and in what form. They found that at low oxygen fugacities, carbon was trapped as iron carbonyl, something previous research hadn't detected. At lower pressures, iron carbonyl degassed as carbon monoxide and methane.

    "We found that you can dissolve in the magma more carbon at low oxygen fugacity than what was previously thought," said Diane Wetzel, a Brown graduate student and the study's lead author. "That plays a big role in the degassing of planetary interiors and in how that will then affect the evolution of atmospheres in different planetary bodies."

    Early in its history, Mars was home to giant active volcanoes, which means significant amounts of methane would have been released by carbon transfer. Because of methane's greenhouse potential, which is much higher than that of carbon dioxide, the findings suggest that even a thin atmosphere early in Mars' history might have created conditions warm enough for liquid water on the surface.

    Other authors on the paper were Malcolm Rutherford from Brown, Steven Jacobson from Northwestern. and Erik Hauri from the Carnegie Institution. The work was supported by NASA, the National Science Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the Deep Carbon Observatory.

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    Story Source:

    The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Brown University.

    Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


    Journal Reference:

    1. Diane T. Wetzel, Malcolm J. Rutherford, Steven D. Jacobsen, Erik H. Hauri, and Alberto E. Saal. Degassing of reduced carbon from planetary basalts. PNAS, April 8, 2013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219266110

    Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

    Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

    Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/space_time/nasa/~3/g3sAD9F5v5Y/130408152949.htm

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    Stop daydreaming and focus on driving!?

    Keep your mind on the road and your hands upon the wheel. At least, that's the warning we should heed from a new study about what causes many traffic fatalities: daydreaming.

    Apparently, you are five times more likely to be involved in a fatal crash because you were ?lost in thought? than if you were distracted by the use of some electronic device, according to new research by the Erie Insurance Group.

    ?The results were disturbing,? said Erie Senior Vice President Doug Smith.

    The Detroit Bureau: Mercedes Moving to all 4WD on Performance AMG Cars

    The study focused on the 65,000 fatal accidents that occurred in the U.S. over the last two years, identifying 10 percent as the result of some form of distracted driving ? in line with federal and other insurance industry estimates.

    But what the research found next came as a big surprise. It identified 62 percent of the crashes as the result of simply being ?lost in thought.? That might mean failing to recognize a dangerous curve in the road, running into the back of another vehicle, surging through a red light or some other driver error. By comparison, only 12 percent of fatal accidents covered by the data were blamed on some form of mobile phone use.

    Other forms of distractions included:

    • Rubbernecking, 7 percent;
    • Kids or other vehicle occupants, 5 percent;
    • Reaching for an object elsewhere in the car, 2 percent;
    • Eating or drinking, 2 percent.

    Other, more minor factors included operating vehicle controls, such as the heater or radio, and even reaching for an ashtray. Pets were also a problem blamed for 1 percent of all fatal distracted driving incidents.

    The Detroit Bureau: Battery Cars Suddenly Sparking Consumer Interest

    "Distracted driving is any activity that takes your eyes off the road, your hands off the wheel, or your mind off your primary task of driving safely," said Smith. "We looked at what law enforcement officers across the country reported when they filled out reports on fatal crashes and the results were disturbing. We hope the data will encourage people to avoid these high-risk behaviors that needlessly increase their risk of being involved in a fatal crash."

    The survey was released just in time for what the U.S. Department of Transportation has declared National Distracted Driving Awareness Month.

    The Detroit Bureau: Ford Reveals Secret Concepts Behind Next F-Series Pickup

    While Erie might find plenty of other distractions that can lead to fatal crashes, it continued to emphasize the need for a driver to pull over to send texts, and to avoid using cellphones while driving.

    Recent studies support the concern that this has become a serious problem. Last November, as TheDetroitBureau.com reported, a State Farm study found nearly half of drivers under 29 use the Internet at least once a month while behind the wheel.

    Copyright ? 2009-2013, The Detroit Bureau

    Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653351/s/2a76249a/l/0L0Snbcnews0N0Cbusiness0Cstop0Edaydreaming0Efocus0Edriving0E1B9237922/story01.htm

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    Monday, April 8, 2013

    UK firms see more jobs but no economic growth: survey

    LONDON (Reuters) - British businesses expect to increase hiring over the next six months but given falling confidence among manufacturers, they do not anticipate overall growth in the nation's economy, a survey showed on Monday.

    An optimism index from accountancy firm BDO, which measures business performance expectations two quarters ahead, rose to 92.2 in March from 90.6 in February.

    But both the optimism and output indices compiled by BDO remained below 95 which marks the dividing line between growth and contraction for the survey, BDO said in a statement.

    BDO's employment Index, which measures UK businesses' hiring intentions over the next two quarters, reached 96.0 in March, the highest since August 2011.

    The British economy could already be in its third recession in five years although the strength in the labor market has surprised economists.

    Service sector confidence rose substantially in March but optimism in the manufacturing sector deteriorated sharply - falling to 88.2 in March from a reading of 94.5 in February, according to BDO.

    A falling pound, which makes imported components more expensive, and weak demand for British exports from struggling euro zone economies were among the factors weighing on manufacturers' confidence, BDO said.

    "It was disappointing to see little action taken in last month's budget to help this beleaguered sector," Peter Hemington, partner at BDO said of manufacturing.

    Manufacturing activity, which accounts for around a fifth of the economy and is at the forefront of the government's recovery efforts, fell for the second consecutive month in March.

    The indices are calculated from data including purchasing managers' surveys and surveys by the Confederation of British Industry and the Bank of England.

    (Reporting by Dasha Afanasieva; Editing by Ruth Pitchford)

    Source: http://news.yahoo.com/uk-firms-see-more-jobs-no-economic-growth-232100833--finance.html

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